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Àdàkọ:Infobox copper

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Copper, 29Cu
Native copper (~4 cm in size)
Copper
Ìhànsójúreddish/orange metallic luster
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Cu)63.546(3)[1]
Copper ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
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Cu

Ag
nickelcopperzinc
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)29
Ẹgbẹ́group 11
Àyèàyè 4
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-d
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Transition metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 18, 1
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́1357.77 K ​(1084.62 °C, ​1984.32 °F)
Ígbà ìhó2835 K ​(2562 °C, ​4643 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)8.94 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)8.02 g/cm3
Heat of fusion13.26 kJ/mol
Heat of 300.4 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.440 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404 2834
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, 0,[2] +1, +2, +3, +4 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.90
energies
Atomic radiusempirical: 128 pm
Covalent radius132±4 pm
Van der Waals radius140 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of copper
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​(fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for copper
Speed of sound thin rod(annealed)
3810 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion16.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity401 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity16.78 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Young's modulus110–128 GPa
Shear modulus48 GPa
Bulk modulus140 GPa
Poisson ratio0.34
Mohs hardness3.0
Vickers hardness369 MPa
Brinell hardness874 MPa
CAS Number7440-50-8
Main isotopes of copper
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
63Cu 69.15% 63Cu is stable with 34 neutrons
65Cu 30.85% 65Cu is stable with 36 neutrons
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References

  1. Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 
  2. Moret, Marc-Etienne; Zhang, Limei; Peters, Jonas C. (2013). "A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond". J. Am. Chem. Soc 135 (10): 3792–3795. doi:10.1021/ja4006578. PMID 23418750.